• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A headlight for motor vehicles with at least one laser unit (2), consisting of a laser (2a) and a downstream optics (2b) whose laser beam (3, 3 ') is directed to at least one light conversion unit (1) comprising a phosphor (4 ) and a projection system (9) for projecting the light image generated on the at least one light conversion unit onto the roadway, the front, translucent cover (6) of the phosphor (4) being designed as a light-shaping element ,
    公开号:AT516113A1
    申请号:T50562/2014
    申请日:2014-08-12
    公开日:2016-02-15
    发明作者:Markus Reinprecht；Bettina Reisinger
    申请人:Zizala Lichtsysteme Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Headlight for motor vehicles with laser unit
    The invention relates to a headlamp for motor vehicles with at least one laser unit, consisting of a laser and a downstream optics, the laser light is directed to at least one light conversion unit, which has an enclosed between two translucent covers phosphor for light conversion, and with a projection system for projection of the light image generated at the at least one light conversion unit on the roadway.
    The use of laser light sources in motor vehicles is currently gaining in importance, since in particular laser diodes enable more flexible and more efficient solutions, as a result of which the luminous intensity of the light beam and the luminous efficacy can be considerably increased.
    In the known solutions, however, no direct laser beam is emitted in order to avoid endangerment of humans and other living beings, in particular of the eyes, by the extremely concentrated light beam of high power. Rather, the laser beam is applied to an intermediate converter which uses a luminescence conversion material, " phosphor " called, contains, and guided by this of e.g. blue light in preferably " white " Light converted, in particular so that in superposition with the scattered laser radiation, a law-compliant white light impression is created.
    In the context of the present invention, " phosphor " in general, understood to mean a substance or a mixture of substances which transmits light of one wavelength to light of another wavelength or a wavelength mixture, in particular " white " Light, which translates into the term " wavelength conversion " is subsumed. Here, under " white light " Understood light of such a spectral composition, which in humans the color impression " white " causes. The term " light " is of course not limited to radiation visible to the human eye. Also suitable for the light conversion agent are optoceramics, ie transparent ceramics, such as, for example, YAG-Ce (an yttrium-aluminum garnet doped with cerium).
    For example, US 2012/0140504 A1 discloses a headlamp of the subject type wherein the beams of one or more lasers are directed to a light conversion unit in which the phosphor is comprised of a fluorescent oxynitride and a fluorescent III-V semiconductor in nanoparticulate form, e.g. InP, formed and sealed in a glass material such as sapphire, zirconium, AlN or TiO 2.
    From EP 2 063 170 A2 another headlight of the type mentioned for motor vehicles has become known, in which for illuminating the road with a glare-free adaptive main beam certain areas depending on other road users or in dependence on environmental parameters such as airspeed; City / outdoor / highway, weather, dusk, etc. can be spared. The beam of a laser is directed via a micromirror which can be moved in at least two spatial directions onto a luminous surface which contains a phosphor for converting the laser light into preferably white light. By means of a lens, the luminous image of the luminous surface is projected onto the roadway.
    DE 10 2012 206 970 A1 shows an illumination device intended for various purposes, including motor vehicles, wherein the light from a laser diode strikes a light conversion unit which has a light-scattering coating facing the laser diode, e.g. of alumina particles, and on the opposite side from a transparent heat sink, e.g. made of sapphire, is covered. Where the radiated, diffused light is directed, however, does not emerge from this document.
    A problem with known light conversion units is that the light emitted by the trans-missive phosphor is typically "lambertsch". That is, according to Lambert's law, the amount of light emitted from a small patch is proportional to the cosine of the viewing angle with respect to the surface normal. As a result, however, a lot of light is lost in the peripheral areas when imaging the illuminated area on the road, and the largest possible lens (optics) is required to increase efficiency, which is not practical, however, especially in the case of motor vehicles.
    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a headlight for motor vehicles, in which previously described light loss is counteracted without requiring structurally large projection systems.
    This object is achieved with a headlamp of the type mentioned, in which according to the invention, the front, located in the emission direction translucent cover of the phosphor is designed as a light-shaping element.
    If, in the context of this description, the terms " front " and "behind" used in conjunction with the light conversion unit, they should be understood to be " front " means the side of the phosphor facing away from the laser at which the converted light is emitted, whereas " behind " on the side of the phosphor which faces the laser. For example, if the rear side of the light conversion unit is not mirrored, the phosphor also shines in the rear half space. With the front and rear of the motor vehicle, these terms need not necessarily be in tune.
    In an expedient, easily realizable variant, it is provided that the front cover has a converging lens.
    It can be formed integrally with the front cover with particular advantage, the converging lens.
    In a favorable manufacturable embodiment can be provided that the outside of the converging lens is convex.
    In order to expand the lighting design flexibility, it may be useful if a plurality of individual lenses is provided at the front of the front cover, in which case the individual lenses are advantageously integrally formed with the front cover.
    Furthermore, expediently, the individual lenses can be designed identically and their optical axes run parallel to one another.
    In a practicable variant, it is provided that the phosphor-facing surface of the front cover is substantially planar.
    An extremely expedient variant is characterized in that a beam deflection means controlled by a beam deflection control is provided, via which the laser beam is deflected at least one laser light source and directed as a scanning laser beam onto the phosphor of the at least one light conversion unit. In this case, the beam deflecting means is advantageously designed as a micromirror.
    The invention together with further advantages is explained in more detail below by way of example embodiments, which are illustrated in the drawing. In this show
    1 schematically and diagrammatically a light conversion unit of a headlamp according to the invention and a laser light source in a first embodiment,
    2 shows a schematic illustration of the optical geometry of an arrangement according to the invention,
    3 shows in an illustration as in FIG. 1 a light conversion unit of a headlamp according to the invention and a laser light source in a second embodiment,
    3a is an enlarged detail of Fig. 3,
    4 is a schematic side view of a light conversion unit of a headlamp according to the invention and a laser light source and a projection lens,
    5 shows a representation like FIG. 4 of a light conversion unit of a headlamp according to the invention and a laser light source with scanning laser beam and a projection lens, FIG.
    6 is a schematic side view of an embodiment similar to FIG. 5 but with a differently shaped front cover of the phosphor,
    7 shows the embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 6 in a perspective view,
    8 in a view like FIG. 7 a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 a an enlarged detail of FIG. 8
    In Fig. 1, a light conversion unit 1 is shown, which serves to convert the light of a laser unit 2, which sends a laser beam 3 to the phosphor 4. The laser unit 2 consists of the actual laser 2a and a downstream optics 2b, which is only indicated in Fig. 1. The optic 2b may be formed according to the laser used and the desired beam geometry. The laser beam 3, which is not shown, be expanded accordingly, so that the emitted laser light illuminates the entire phosphor 4, shown here as a rectangular plate. The phosphor is trans-missive, i. the laser light converted in the phosphor, whose wavelength is especially in the blue or UV range, is converted in the phosphor 4 and radiates forward in the desired color mixture, preferably "white". It should be noted that variants can not be ruled out in which a part of the laser light, passing through the phosphor, is radiated forward.
    For example, luminescent dyes are used for the phosphor, the output wavelength being generally shorter and thus more energy-rich than the emitted wavelength mixture. The desired white light impression results from additive color mixing. Here, under " white light " Understood light of such a spectral composition, which in humans the color impression " white " causes. The term " light " is of course not limited to radiation visible to the human eye.
    The phosphor 4 is embedded between two translucent covers 5, 6, with the cover facing the laser 2 shown as "posterior". Cover, while the cover on the side of the phosphor on which the converted light is emitted is "front". is called. The covers may, in principle, be glass plates, in any event, the laser cover back cover 5 must be transparent and the front cover should be transparent to all visible light. It is also possible that the "back " Cover is not only transparent to the laser, but that the radiation emitted by the phosphor is reflected. In this case, the light from the back half-space is also brought forward. For the covers 5, 6 are many materials in question, such as plastics, glass, silicone, etc., although it is desirable or often required that these materials have good thermal conductivity Since not the entire incident laser light is converted into visible light arises in the phosphorus heat loss, which, if not sufficiently dissipated, leads to a thermal destruction of the phosphorus. For this reason, for example, often used sapphire or zirconium. A projection system 9, which is embodied here as a lens and only partially shown, projects the luminous image of the phosphor 4 onto the roadway.
    According to the prior art, the covers 5, 6 are usually plane-parallel plates, with an intermediate layer of phosphorus, which can be sealed at the edge against the environment.
    In contrast, the invention now provides that the front, located in the emission direction translucent cover 6 of the phosphor 4 is designed as a light-shaping, namely lichtbündelndes element. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the front cover 6 clearly has a converging lens with a convex outside 7. More specifically, in the example shown, the front cover is formed as a converging lens or the converging lens is integral with the front cover. Optically, a primary optics is thus moved as close as possible to the light-emitting surface, namely the phosphor 4, which focuses the light bundled forward and prevents the losses occurring at the edge or the space requirement of the system is shortened.
    In Fig. 2, the basic geometric relationships of a light conversion unit according to the invention are provided in a short and simplified, wherein shown are: the phosphor excited by the phosphor 4, here designed as a concave-convex lens cover 6, the projection system formed as a concave-convex lens 9 and a virtual intermediate image 4v of the phosphor 4, where a is the optical axis of the device. The position of the intermediate image 4v, namely its distance b behind the phosphor 4, results according to the lens equation
    where f is the focal length of
    Lens (cover) 6 and g is the object width, namely the distance of the
    Phosphors 4 from the main plane of the lens (cover) 6. From the lens equation B / G = b / g, the size B of the intermediate image to B = G.b / g, where G is the size of the phosphor 4 is designated.
    The cover 6 of the phosphor 4 thus acts like a lens in a two-lens system, whereby the virtual enlarged image 4v of the phosphor 4 is generated and transmitted by the projection system 9, e.g. could also be a reflector, is imaged on the road.
    It can be seen that the formation of the virtual intermediate image 4v leads to a folding of the beam paths and consequently to a shortening of the installation space, so that the headlight can be made more compact. It should again be noted that Fig. 2 is a rough schematic representation in which, for example, the rear cover of the phosphor 4 is not shown. Scalability with regard to practical embodiments is also absent. For example, the distance g of the phosphor 4 from the lens 6 is exaggerated.
    3 shows a variant of the invention in which a multiplicity of individual lenses 8 are formed on the front side of the front cover 6, which are shown here only in the enlarged detail according to FIG. 2a. The individual lenses 8, which are expediently integrally formed with the cover 6, may also be referred to as microlenses, since their dimensions are usually in a size range of, for example, 0.1 to 1 mm. The individual lenses are formed here the same and their optical axes are parallel to each other. In this embodiment too, the Lambertian radiation characteristic is counteracted, for each individual lens 8 forms part of its own, primary projection system, which combines the divergent light from a point on the phosphor to form an approximately parallel beam. The individual lenses 8 need not necessarily be integrally formed with the front cover 6, but they could be placed as a plate with individual lenses on the front cover - similar to the detail shown in Fig. 3a. Not shown in FIG. 3 is the optics 9 required for the projection of the illuminated image produced on the phosphor 4 on the roadway.
    The side view of FIG. 4 shows a light conversion unit 1 designed according to FIG. 3 and described above of a headlamp according to the invention with the laser unit 2, which transmits a laser beam 3 expanded here to the phosphor 4, and the projection system 9, here a projection lens to project a phosphor image generated on the phosphor onto the roadway.
    The variant shown in Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which the beam 3 of a laser unit 2 is deflected in a known manner via a here designed as a micromirror beam deflection means 10 and directed as a scanning beam 3 'on the phosphor 4, on which he a Illuminated image generated. In the present example, a two-axis oscillating micromirror 10 may be used which is driven by a drive, not shown, and e.g. is vibrated in two mutually orthogonal directions, these vibrations may correspond in particular to the mechanical natural frequencies of the micromirror. The driving of micromirrors is known and can be done in many ways, e.g. electrostatic or electrodynamic. Instead of a micromirror, other deflection devices, such as movable lenses or optical fibers could be used. Apart from the scanning illumination of the phosphor 4 with laser light, this embodiment corresponds to that of FIG. 4 and also has a projection lens 9 for projecting the phosphor image generated on the phosphor onto the roadway.
    Fig. 6 also shows an embodiment with a scanning laser beam 3 'according to Fig. 5, wherein like parts are provided with the same reference numerals. In contrast to FIG. 5, however, a converging lens 6 'is arranged on the front cover 6, but here - as in FIG. 1 - it is not integral with the front cover 6.
    The embodiment of Fig. 6 is shown in perspective for clarity in Fig. 7, with the exception of Fig. 6, that in Fig. 7 the convergent lens and front cover are integral. The scanning movement of the laser beam 3 'deflected at the micromirror 10 of the beam deflecting means 10 can be clearly seen in this illustration in two coordinate directions, which is illustrated by arrows 11.
    It should be noted at this point that the rear surface of the front cover 6 can be curved - see. Fig. 2 -, wherein also the phosphor 4 and the rear cover 5 may have a corresponding curvature.
    Finally, FIG. 8 shows that a variant of the embodiment according to FIG. 7 is possible in which microlenses 8 can be provided on the convex outer side 7 of the front cover 6 designed as a converging lens (see also the detail of FIG. 8a), so that there is a combination of a lens with microlenses, which extends the lighting design freedom in special cases.
    Although the individual microlenses 8 shown in the preceding examples are expediently identical, it may also be useful to increase the lighting design freedom to make the microlenses 8 different, be it, for example, in terms of their dimensions or focal lengths.
    List of Reference Numbers 1 light conversion unit a optical axis 2 laser unit b distance 2a laser B size of 4v 2b optics G size of phosphor 3 laser beam g distance 3 'scanning beam 4 phosphor 4v virtual intermediate image 5 cover, rear 6 cover, front 6' converging lens 7 outside convex 8 single lenses 9 projection system 10 beam deflecting means 11 arrows
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    Claims 1. A headlamp for motor vehicles with at least one laser unit (2) consisting of a laser (2a) and a downstream optics (2b) whose laser radiation (3, 3 ') is directed to at least one light conversion unit (1) comprising a phosphor (4) for light conversion, and with a projection system (9) for projecting the light image generated at the at least one light conversion unit on the roadway, characterized in that the front, located in the emission direction translucent cover (6) of the phosphor (4) as a light-shaping Element is designed.
    [2]
    2. Headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that the front cover (6) has a converging lens (6 ').
    [3]
    3. Headlight according to claim 2, characterized in that the convergent lens with the front cover (6) is integrally formed.
    [4]
    4. Headlight according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the outer side (7) of the converging lens (6, 6 ') is convex.
    [5]
    5. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at the front of the front cover (6) a plurality of individual lenses (8) is provided.
    [6]
    6. Headlight according to claim 5, characterized in that the individual lenses (8) with the front cover (6) are integrally formed.
    [7]
    7. Headlight according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the individual lenses (8) are formed the same and their optical axes parallel to each other.
    [8]
    8. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the phosphor (4) facing surface of the front cover (6) is substantially planar.
    [9]
    9. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a driven by a control beam deflecting means (10) is provided, via which the laser beam (3) of the at least one laser light source (2) deflected and as a scanning laser beam (3 ') to the phosphor (4) of the at least one light conversion unit (1) is directed.
    [10]
    10. Headlight according to claim 9, characterized in that the beam deflecting means (10) is designed as a micromirror.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    DE102010028949A1|2010-05-12|2011-11-17|Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung|headlight module|
    WO2013094222A1|2011-12-22|2013-06-27|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha|Headlight system incorporating adaptive beam function|
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    DE102013101023A1|2013-02-01|2014-08-07|Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co.|Device for generating low beam for illuminating road ahead of vehicle, has diffractive optical element that is arranged in beam path and is connected between laser light source and converter, to generate concentric light distribution|
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    FR3063396B1|2017-02-24|2021-05-28|Valeo Vision|SIGNALING DEVICE FOR MOTOR VEHICLES, AND SIGNALING LIGHT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50562/2014A|AT516113B1|2014-08-12|2014-08-12|Headlight for motor vehicles with laser unit|ATA50562/2014A| AT516113B1|2014-08-12|2014-08-12|Headlight for motor vehicles with laser unit|
    DE202015009835.5U| DE202015009835U1|2014-08-12|2015-08-03|Headlights for automobiles with laser unit|
    EP15179528.3A| EP2985524A1|2014-08-12|2015-08-03|Headlamp for motor vehicles with laser unit|
    CN201510491884.XA| CN105371205B|2014-08-12|2015-08-12|The headlamp of motor vehicle with laser cell|
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